Bibliography

This course is more project-focused than theoretical, but we will have a few readings to help set the context and define the questions. Following are some suggested starting points for additional reading.

Cited References

[1]

Hornbostel–Sachs. January 2026. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hornbostel%E2%80%93Sachs (visited on 2026-03-04).

[2]

Robert Hutchinson. Music Theory for the 21st-Century Classroom. URL: https://musictheory.pugetsound.edu/mt21c/MusicTheory.html (visited on 2026-04-28).

[3]

Michael Sidler, Matthew C. Bisson, Jordan Grotz, and Scott Barton. Parthenope: A Robotic Musical Siren. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 297–300. 2020. doi:10.5281/zenodo.4813367.

Other References

[O1]

Scott Barton, Ethan Prihar, and Paulo Carvalho. Cyther: a Human-playable, Self-tuning Robotic Zither. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 319–324. 2017. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1176266.

[O2]

Scott Barton, Karl Sundberg, Andrew Walter, Linda Sara Baker, Tanuj Sane, and Alexander O'Brien. Robotic Percussive Aerophone. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 409–412. 2018. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1302645.

[O3]

Robert Branchaud, Nathan Gravelle, and David Penney. The Rotary Harp \textbar Musical Machines Gallery. 2025. URL: https://wp.wpi.edu/musicalmachines/2025/12/17/the-rotary-harp/ (visited on 2026-04-03).

[O4]

Mason Bretan and Gil Weinberg. Chronicles of a Robotic Musical Companion. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 315–318. 2014. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1178724.

[O5]

Roger B. Dannenberg, Ben Brown, Garth Zeglin, and Ron Lupish. McBlare: A Robotic Bagpipe Player. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 80–84. 2005. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1176729.

[O6]

Takahiro Kamatani, Yoshinao Sato, and Masato Fujino. Ghost Play - A Violin-Playing Robot using Electromagnetic Linear Actuators. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression. 2022. doi:10.21428/92fbeb44.754a50b5.

[O7]

Ajay Kapur, Michael Darling, Jim Murphy, Jordan Hochenbaum, Dimitri Diakopoulos, and Trimpin Trimpin. The KarmetiK NotomotoN : A New Breed of Musical Robot for Teaching and Performance. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 228–231. 2011. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1178059.

[O8]

Ajay Kapur, Jim Murphy, and Dale Carnegie. Kritaanjali: A Robotic Harmonium for Performance, Pedogogy and Research. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression. 2012. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1178299.

[O9]

Ajay Kapur, Jim Murphy, Michael Darling, Eric Heep, Bruce Lott, and Ness Morris. MalletOTon and the Modulets: Modular and Extensible Musical Robots. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 69–72. 2016. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1176050.

[O10]

Steven Kemper. Tremolo-Harp: A Vibration-Motor Actuated Robotic String Instrument. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 301–304. 2020. doi:10.5281/zenodo.4813369.

[O11]

Steven Kemper and Scott Barton. Mechatronic Expression: Reconsidering Expressivity in Music for Robotic Instruments. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 84–87. 2018. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1302689.

[O12]

Sang-won Leigh, Abhinandan Jain, and Pattie Maes. Exploring Human-Machine Synergy and Interaction on a Robotic Instrument. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 437–442. 2019. doi:10.5281/zenodo.3673027.

[O13]

Sang-won Leigh and Jeonghyun (Jonna) Lee. A Study on Learning Advanced Skills on Co-Playable Robotic Instruments. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression. 2021. doi:10.21428/92fbeb44.002be215.

[O14]

Sang-won Leigh and Pattie Maes. Guitar Machine: Robotic Fretting Augmentation for Hybrid Human-Machine Guitar Play. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 403–408. 2018. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1302643.

[O15]

Jason Long. The Robotic Taishogoto: A New Plug 'n Play Desktop Performance Instrument. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 479–482. 2014. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1178853.

[O16]

Jason Long, Dale Carnegie, and Ajay Kapur. The Closed-Loop Robotic Glockenspiel: Improving Musical Robots with Embedded Musical Information Retrieval. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 2–7. 2016. doi:10.5281/zenodo.3964607.

[O17]

Jason Long, Jim Murphy, Dale A. Carnegie, and Ajay Kapur. A Closed-Loop Control System for Robotic Hi-hats. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 330–335. 2017. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1176272.

[O18]

Jason Long, Jim Murphy, Ajay Kapur, and Dale Carnegie. A Methodology for Evaluating Robotic Striking Mechanisms for Musical Contexts. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 404–407. 2015. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1179120.

[O19]

Jim Murphy, Paul Mathews, Ajay Kapur, and Dale Carnegie. Robot: Tune Yourself! Automatic Tuning for Musical Robotics. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 565–568. 2014. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1178883.

[O20]

Jim Murphy, James McVay, Ajay Kapur, and Dale Carnegie. Designing and Building Expressive Robotic Guitars. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 557–562. 2013. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1178618.

[O21]

Takumi Ogata and Gil Weinberg. Robotically Augmented Electric Guitar for Shared Control. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 487–488. 2017. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1176326.

[O22]

Troy Rogers, Steven Kemper, and Scott Barton. MARIE: Monochord-Aerophone Robotic Instrument Ensemble. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 408–411. 2015. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1179166.

[O23]

Robert Van Rooyen, Andrew Schloss, and George Tzanetakis. Voice Coil Actuators for Percussion Robotics. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 1–6. 2017. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1176149.

[O24]

Raghavasimhan Sankaranarayanan and Gil Weinberg. Design of Hathaani - A Robotic Violinist for Carnatic Music. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression. 2021. doi:10.21428/92fbeb44.0ad83109.

[O25]

Margaret Schedel, Brian Smith, Robert Cosgrove, and Nick Hwang. RhumbLine: Plectrohyla Exquisita — Spatial Listening of Zoomorphic Musical Robots. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression. 2021. doi:10.21428/92fbeb44.9e1312b1.

[O26]

Eric Singer, Jeff Feddersen, and Bil Bowen. A Large-Scale Networked Robotic Musical Instrument Installation. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 50–55. 2005. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1176818.

[O27]

Eric Singer, Jeff Feddersen, Chad Redmon, and Bil Bowen. LEMUR's Musical Robots. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 181–184. 2004. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1176669.

[O28]

Eric Singer, Kevin Larke, and David Bianciardi. LEMUR GuitarBot: MIDI Robotic String Instrument. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 188–191. 2003. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1176565.

[O29]

Jeff Snyder, Ryan Johns, Charles Avis, Gene Kogan, and Axel Kilian. Machine Yearning: An Industrial Robotic Arm as a Performance Instrument. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 184–186. 2015. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1179180.

[O30]

Richard Vindriis and Dale Carnegie. StrumBot—An Overview of a Strumming Guitar Robot. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 146–151. 2016. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1176135.

[O31]

Gil Weinberg and Scott Driscoll. The Design of a Robotic Marimba Player – Introducing Pitch into Robotic Musicianship. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 228–233. 2007. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1179477.

[O32]

Ning Yang, Richard Savery, Raghavasimhan Sankaranarayanan, Lisa Zahray, and Gil Weinberg. Mechatronics-Driven Musical Expressivity for Robotic Percussionists. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 133–138. 2020. doi:10.5281/zenodo.4813274.