CKS-1 Arduino Uno Shield

Physical computing projects involve many individual sensors and actuators connected to the logic with a lot of wiring. This is a vulnerable point for building a machine which is engaged physically by the users. In an effort to simplify the wiring problem, the course provides a ‘shield’ board which interfaces the Arduino microcontroller to a useful set of interface hardware and connectors for driving a physical machine.

Rev A Schematic

Schematic PDF: CKS-Uno-Shield-1-RevA-schematic.pdf

Rev A Layout

Rendered images including copper, silkscreen, and mask: top view on left, bottom view on right.

Rendered images of copper layers only: top view on left, bottom view on right.

Eagle board file: CKS-Uno-Shield-1-RevA.brd

Eagle schematic file: CKS-Uno-Shield-1-RevA.sch

Pin Assignment Notes

The following table describes the default usage mode for each Arduino pin and two suggested alternate uses for some. Additional configurations are possible.

pin name	use	alt1	alt2	primary function	alternate function	second alternate function
D0	RX	RX	GPIO	USB serial	external TTL serial	GPIO via SERIAL connector
D1	TX	TX	GPIO	USB serial	external TTL serial	GPIO via SERIAL connector
D2	GPIO			Servo4	GPIO
D3	PWM	GPIO		MOSFET1	LED2 GPIO
D4	GPIO			Servo3	GPIO
D5	PWM	GPIO		DRV8833
D6	PWM	GPIO		DRV8833
D7	GPIO			Servo2	GPIO
D8	GPIO			Servo1	GPIO
D9	PWM	GPIO		DRV8833
D10	PWM	GPIO		DRV8833
D11	PWM	MOSI	GPIO	MOSFET2	WS2801 LEDS	GPIO via LEDS connector
D12	GPIO	MISO		LED1 GPIO
D13	LED	SCK	GPIO	onboard LED	WS2801 LEDS	GPIO via LEDS connector
A0	ADC0	GPIO		photosensor/switch	GPIO
A1	ADC1	GPIO		photosensor/switch	GPIO
A2	ADC2	GPIO		switch	GPIO
A3	ADC3	ADC3		switch	ADXL335 connector
A4	ADC4	ADC4	SDA	switch	ADXL335 connector	I2C connector
A5	ADC5	ADC5	SCL	switch	ADXL335 connector	I2C connector

Parts Lists and Assembly Notes

The shield is designed to support many alternative configurations, so the parts are organized by functional unit. The first set includes the standard set of components essential for any use, listed in a recommended assembly order.

The parts labeled ‘Course Kit’ were given to you with the breadboarding kit; ‘PhysComp Stock’ can be taken from the lab shelves; the parts labeled ‘Mouser’ have been purchased and will be handed out with the shield boards.

Visual Section Guide

The following assembly guide is divided into sections. The colors indicate components for the four main sections: Arduino Headers and Core Components in green, Inputs in orange, DC Motor Driver in blue, Solenoids in magenta.

Photographs of a partly assembled shield can be found in CKS-1 Arduino Uno Shield Gallery.

Arduino Headers and Core Components

Shield board with Arduino header strips, capacitors, and barrel plug. (Servo headers not shown.)

A good first step is to install the strip headers which connect the shield board to the Arduino. Note that these install on the bottom, they are the only components to do so. The strip headers come in long rows but can be carefully trimmed to the right number of pins using diagonal cutters. The recommended strategy is to pre-cut the headers and pre-assemble them onto the Arduino headers and board prior to any soldering. This will ensure the headers are aligned and correctly seated. The headers can then be soldered in place, then the shield disassembled from the Arduino.

The core component set also includes the barrel plug connector for motor power input, decoupling capacitors for filtering the power, and male connector pins for attaching hobby servos.

Part Label	Description	Source	Part Identifier	Manufacturer	Part Number	Notes
J5	Arduino Uno	Course Kit		Elegoo	EL-CB-001	Use Arduino for alignment while soldering J5 headers, then remove until done.
J5	male header, single row, 10 pin, on bottom, D8-D13 etc.	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1			Note: part solders on bottom of board! It mates with the Uno below.
J5	male header, single row, 6 pin, on bottom, analog section	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1			Ibid.
J5	male header, single row, 8 pin, on bottom, D0-D7	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1			Ibid.
J5	male header, single row, 8 pin, on bottom, power section	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1			Ibid.
J6	PC mount barrel plug adapter, Kobiconn 163-179PH	Mouser	163-179PH-EX	Kobiconn	163-179PH-EX
C2	0.1 uF, ceramic capactor, radial 0.1” leads	Mouser	594-K104M15X7RF53L2	Vishay	K104M15X7RF53L2
C3	0.1 uF, ceramic capactor, radial 0.1” leads	Mouser	594-K104M15X7RF53L2	Vishay	K104M15X7RF53L2
C5	0.1 uF, ceramic capactor, radial 0.1” leads	Mouser	594-K104M15X7RF53L2	Vishay	K104M15X7RF53L2
C4	68 uF, 25V, electrolytic capacitor, radial, 0.1” leads, 5mm OD	Mouser	667-EEU-HD1E680	Panasonic	EEU-HD1E680	Orient according to silkscreen.
SV1	male header, single row, 3 pin	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1
SV2	male header, single row, 3 pin	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1
SV3	male header, single row, 3 pin	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1
SV4	male header, single row, 3 pin	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1

Inputs

Partial pinout diagram highlighting the layout of the input and servo connectors. Note that the input headers each have the Arduino input adjacent to the Arduino headers at the board edge: the C/4 pin for the photosensors, and pin 1 for the switch inputs.

The six input channels can be separately assembled as needed. Soldering the parts will require removing the shield from the Arduino.

Part Label	Description	Source	Part Identifier	Manufacturer	Part Number	Notes
R5	220 ohm resistor, axial, 0.25 watt	PhysComp Stock	Part 0017, Bin B8-R2-C1
R6	220 ohm resistor, axial, 0.25 watt	PhysComp Stock	Part 0017, Bin B8-R2-C1
R7	22K resistor, axial, 0.25 watt	PhysComp Stock	Part 0049, Bin B8-R4-C1
R8	22K resistor, axial, 0.25 watt	PhysComp Stock	Part 0049, Bin B8-R4-C1
R11	22K resistor, axial, 0.25 watt	PhysComp Stock	Part 0049, Bin B8-R4-C1
R12	22K resistor, axial, 0.25 watt	PhysComp Stock	Part 0049, Bin B8-R4-C1
R13	22K resistor, axial, 0.25 watt	PhysComp Stock	Part 0049, Bin B8-R4-C1
R14	22K resistor, axial, 0.25 watt	PhysComp Stock	Part 0049, Bin B8-R4-C1
SW1	male header, single row, 2 pin	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1
SW2	male header, single row, 2 pin	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1
SW3	male header, single row, 2 pin	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1
SW4	male header, single row, 2 pin	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1
PH1	male header, single row, 4 pin	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1
PH2	male header, single row, 4 pin	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1

DC Motors

Shield board with female headers for the DRV8833 and male headers for the motor pins.

A pair of DC motors can be driven from the DRV8833. Please note the use of female headers to provide a socket for the module. The motor pins are male.

Part Label	Description	Source	Part Identifier	Manufacturer	Part Number	Notes
DRV1	female header, single row, 8 pin	Mouser	437-8018700810143101	Preci-dip	801-87-008-10-143101
DRV1	female header, single row, 8 pin	Mouser	437-8018700810143101	Preci-dip	801-87-008-10-143101
DCA	male header, single row, 2 pin	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1
DCB	male header, single row, 2 pin	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1
DRV1	DRV8833 Module	Course Kit		Pololu	2130

Solenoid/Speaker/Relay Drivers

Various unidirectional devices can be driven from the MOSFET circuits. Each is independent and could be separately assembled if desired. Note the polarity of the diodes and MOSFETS, please match the annotations in the silkscreen.

Part Label	Description	Source	Part Identifier	Manufacturer	Part Number	Notes
D1	1N4004, rectifier diode, DO41 axial package	PhysComp Stock	Part 4004, Bin B8-R7-C1			Orient according to silkscreen.
D2	1N4004, rectifier diode, DO41 axial package	PhysComp Stock	Part 4004, Bin B8-R7-C1			Orient according to silkscreen.
C1	0.1 uF, ceramic capactor, radial 0.1” leads	Mouser	594-K104M15X7RF53L2	Vishay	K104M15X7RF53L2
Q1	IRF540V, Power MOSFET, N-channel, TO-220AB package	PhysComp Stock	Part 0540, Bin B9-R8-C1	Infineon	IRF540ZPBF	Orient according to silkscreen.
Q2	IRF540V, Power MOSFET, N-channel, TO-220AB package	PhysComp Stock	Part 0540, Bin B9-R8-C1	Infineon	IRF540ZPBF	Orient according to silkscreen.
R1	10K resistor, axial, 0.25 watt	PhysComp Stock	Part 0045, Bin B8-R3-C7
R2	10K resistor, axial, 0.25 watt	PhysComp Stock	Part 0045, Bin B8-R3-C7
R3	220 ohm resistor, axial, 0.25 watt	PhysComp Stock	Part 0017, Bin B8-R2-C1
R4	220 ohm resistor, axial, 0.25 watt	PhysComp Stock	Part 0017, Bin B8-R2-C1
S1	male header, single row, 2 pin	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1
S2	male header, single row, 2 pin	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1

Miscellaneous Components

The remaining components, some of which interfere with other circuits:

1. optional accelerometer module

2. “LED” pins with dropping resistors, also usable as spare digital inputs or outputs

3. “LEDS” connector for WS2801 LED strand or output-only SPI

4. “I2C” connector for I2C bus

5. “SERIAL” connector for UART serial

6. “VIN jumper for operating the Arduino off the motor power independent of USB power or the Arduino barrel plug

Part Label	Description	Source	Part Identifier	Manufacturer	Part Number	Notes
ACCEL	female header, single row, 5 pin	PhysComp Stock	Part 0750, Bin B2-R7-C1
ACCEL	GY-61 three-axis analog accelerometer module	PhysComp Stock	Part 0368, Bin B12-R4-C7
R9	220 ohm resistor, axial, 0.25 watt	PhysComp Stock	Part 0017, Bin B8-R2-C1
R10	220 ohm resistor, axial, 0.25 watt	PhysComp Stock	Part 0017, Bin B8-R2-C1
LED1	male header, single row, 2 pin	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1
LED2	male header, single row, 2 pin	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1
LEDS	male header, single row, 4 pin	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1			Typically provided for WS2801 LED strand.
I2C	male header, single row, 4 pin	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1
SERIAL	male header, single row, 4 pin	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1
VIN	male header, single row, 2 pin	PhysComp Stock	Part 0742, Bin B2-R6-C1
VIN	jumper	PhysComp Stock	Part 0726, Bin B2-R4-C5			May use this optional jumper to power Arduino from motor power.

Additional Notes

J1, J2, J3, and J4 provide jumpering pads for prototyping or patching, no parts are specified. The +5V, +3.3V, and GND@P pads can provide logic power for prototyping or patching; these are not suitable for high power loads like actuators or lights.

The VIN jumper directly connects the motor power into the Arduino VIN input, i.e., the shield barrel plug into the same circuit as the Arduino barrel plug. This can enable running the whole system from one supply, but using the VIN jumper requires care:

1. the motor supply needs to be 7-12V to account for regulator drop, else the Arduino logic supply will ‘brown out’

2. an inadequate motor supply will lead to logic power glitches, causing unpredictable errors and Arduino resets

3. it is all too easy to forget it is installed and plug a second power supply into the Arduino barrel plug, frying both supplies as they are directly connected to each other via the jumper

Additional Documentation

• CKS-1 Arduino Uno Shield Gallery

External Resources

Product information:

• DRV8833 Dual Motor Driver Carrier

Library documentation:

• https://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/Servo

Related course exercises, with sample circuits, code, and explanation:

• https://courses.ideate.cmu.edu/16-223/f2019/text/exercises/Arduino/digital-read-serial/digital-read-serial.html

• https://courses.ideate.cmu.edu/16-223/f2019/text/exercises/Arduino/servo-sweep/servo-sweep.html

• https://courses.ideate.cmu.edu/16-223/f2019/text/exercises/Arduino/unipolar-drivers/unipolar-drivers.html

• https://courses.ideate.cmu.edu/16-223/f2019/text/exercises/Arduino/DRV8833-motor-driver/DRV8833-motor-driver.html

• https://courses.ideate.cmu.edu/16-223/f2019/text/exercises/Arduino/read-analog-accel/read-analog-accel.html

• https://courses.ideate.cmu.edu/16-223/f2019/text/exercises/Arduino/WS2801-LED-SPI/WS2801-LED-SPI.html

Licensing

The CKS-1 Arduino Uno Shield design and documentation by Garth Zeglin are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Based on a work at https://courses.ideate.cmu.edu/16-223/f2019/.