This textile fragment, from late 9th century – early 10th century Yemen, is referred to as a kind of tiraz fabric. It is one of many medieval Islamic textiles with Arabic inscriptions painted on top. The arrowheads and diamonds on the piece were made possible using the resist-dyed ikat technique, which keeps dye away from specific parts of the fabric. Textiles like this often include inscriptions of current rulers or caliphs and are presented at formal ceremonies.
The first image is the original, with the other two being enhanced versions to highlight specific aspects of the textile.